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The Rise and Fall of Local Elections in China

By Monica Martinez-Bravo, Gerard PadrĂ³ i Miquel, Nancy Qian, and Yang Yao

American Economic Review, September 2022

We posit that autocrats introduce local elections when their bureaucratic capacity is low. Local elections exploit citizens' informational advantage in keeping local officials accountable, but they also weaken vertical control. As bureaucratic capacity ...

Lift and Shift: The Effect of Fundraising Interventions in Charity Space and Time

By Kimberley Scharf, Sarah Smith, and Mark Ottoni-Wilhelm

American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, August 2022

Fundraising interventions may lift donations and/or shift their composition and timing. Using data rich in both the charity space and time dimensions, we find that major fundraising appeals lift donations to the appeal charity and that this increase is no...