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The Geographic Flow of Bank Funding and Access to Credit: Branch Networks, Synergies, and Local Competition

By Victor Aguirregabiria, Robert Clark, and Hui Wang

American Economic Review, June 2025

Geographic dispersion of depositors, borrowers, and banks may prevent funding from flowing to high-loan-demand areas, limiting credit access. Using bank-county-year-level data, we provide evidence of geographic imbalance of deposits and loans and develop ...

Fiscal Policy and Credit Supply in a Crisis

By Diana Bonfim, Miguel A. Ferreira, Francisco Queiró, and Sujiao (Emma) Zhao

American Economic Review, June 2025

We measure how cuts to public procurement propagate through the banking system in a financial crisis. During the European sovereign debt crisis, the Portuguese government cut procurement spending by 4.3 percent of GDP. We find that this cut saddled banks ...

Targeting Impact versus Deprivation

By Johannes Haushofer, Paul Niehaus, Carlos Paramo, Edward Miguel, and Michael Walker

American Economic Review, June 2025

A large literature has examined how best to target antipoverty programs to those most deprived in some sense (e.g., consumption). We examine the potential trade-off between this objective and targeting those most impacted by such programs. We work in the ...

Corporate Discount Rates

By Niels Joachim Gormsen and Kilian Huber

American Economic Review, June 2025

We construct a dataset of firms' discount rates (i.e., required returns to capital) and perceived cost of capital using corporate conference calls. The relation between discount rates and the cost of capital is far below the one-to-one mapping assumed in ...