Capital Accumulation, Private Property, and Rising Inequality in China, 1978–2015
American Economic Review
vol. 109,
no. 7, July 2019
(pp. 2469-96)
(Complimentary)
Abstract
We combine national accounts, surveys, and new tax data to study the accumulation and distribution of income and wealth in China from 1978 to 2015. The national wealth-income ratio increased from 350 percent in 1978 to 700 percent in 2015, while the share of public property in national wealth declined from 70 percent to 30 percent. We provide sharp upward revision of official inequality estimates. The top 10 percent income share rose from 27 percent to 41 percent between 1978 and 2015; the bottom 50 percent share dropped from 27 percent to 15 percent. China's inequality levels used to be close to Nordic countries and are now approaching US levels.Citation
Piketty, Thomas, Li Yang, and Gabriel Zucman. 2019. "Capital Accumulation, Private Property, and Rising Inequality in China, 1978–2015." American Economic Review, 109 (7): 2469-96. DOI: 10.1257/aer.20170973Additional Materials
JEL Classification
- D31 Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
- E01 Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth; Environmental Accounts
- E23 Macroeconomics: Production
- O11 Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
- P24 Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation
- P26 Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Political Economy; Property Rights
- P36 Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions: Consumer Economics; Health; Education and Training: Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Poverty