Inequality in Early Care Experienced by US Children

[Symposium: Childhood Interventions]

By Sarah Flood, Joel McMurry, Aaron Sojourner, and Matthew Wiswall

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 2022

Using multiple datasets on parental and non-parental care provided to children up to age six, we quantify differences in American children's care experiences by socioeconomic status (SES), proxied primarily with maternal education. Increasingly, higher ...

Economics of Foster Care

[Symposium: Childhood Interventions]

By Anthony Bald, Joseph J. Doyle Jr., Max Gross, and Brian A. Jacob

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 2022

Foster care provides substitute living arrangements to protect maltreated children. The practice is remarkably common: it is estimated that 5 percent of children in the United States are placed in foster care at some point during childhood. This paper des...

Joan Robinson on Karl Marx: "His Sense of Reality Is Far Stronger"

By Carolina Alves

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 2022

This paper revisits why Joan Robinson turned to Karl Marx in 1942 and which insights from Marxian economics she sought to incorporate into her later works, while commenting on how her encounter with Marx was received by some her of contemporaries. By th...

Recommendations for Further Reading

By Timothy Taylor

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 2022

Front Matter

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

Foreword

By Christina D. Romer

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

Editors' Introduction

By William R. Johnson and Mary Roth

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

JEL Classification System

Journal of Economic Literature, March 2002

On the Dynamics of Human Behavior: The Past, Present, and Future of Culture, Conflict, and Cooperation

By Nathan Nunn

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

I provide a theoretically informed discussion of the dynamics of human behavior, focusing on the importance of culture (socially learned information) and tradition (transmission of culture across generations). Decision-making that relies on tradition can ...

Black Land Loss: 1920−1997

By Dania V. Francis, Darrick Hamilton, Thomas W. Mitchell, Nathan A. Rosenberg, and Bryce Wilson Stucki

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

Black agricultural land ownership was at a peak just after the turn of the twentieth century; however, there was a nearly 90 percent decline in ownership from 1910 to 1997. In this paper, we use US Census of Agriculture data to estimate that the present, ...

Intersectionality and Financial Inclusion in the United States

By Vicki L. Bogan and Sarah E. Wolfolds

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

Recent estimates indicate approximately 8.4 million US households are unbanked with an additional 24.2 million US households classified as underbanked. We focus on intersectionality, specifically the intersection of race and gender, to better understand t...

At the Intersection of Race, Occupational Status, and Middle-Class Attainment in Young Adulthood

By Fenaba R. Addo

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1997 cohort, the study explores the intersection of labor force attachment and economic inequality. Using a wealth-based definition of middle-class status, changes in wealth inequality among the wor...

Child-to-Parent Intergenerational Transfers, Social Security, and Child Wealth Building

By Andria Smythe

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

I study the relationship among child-to-parent transfers, parents' social security eligibility, and child wealth building. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and a regression discontinuity approach, I find that the wealth of adult children...

Wealth Taxation: Lessons from History and Recent Developments

By Emmanuel Saez and Gabriel Zucman

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

This paper describes the historical experience of wealth taxation in Europe and draws lessons from this history for wealth taxation in the twenty-first century. We show that the wealth tax base was narrow in European countries, due to large exemptions, ta...

Saving Effects of a Real-Life Imperfectly Implemented Wealth Tax: Evidence from Norwegian Micro Data

By Annette Alstadsæter, Marie Bjørneby, Wojciech Kopczuk, Simen Markussen, and Knut Røed

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

Countries that implement wealth taxes make many practical compromises regarding relative treatment and approach to valuation of different categories of assets in order to ease assessment and liquidity difficulties with this form of taxation. Relying on No...

Gender and Inheritances

By Sandra E. Black, Paul J. Devereux, Fanny Landaud, and Kjell G. Salvanes

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

Using administrative data from Norway, we document that gifts and inheritances are a more important component of total income for women than for men. This is particularly true at the very top of the distributions of total lifetime income and net wealth. T...

The Correlation of Net and Gross Wealth across Generations: The Role of Parent Income and Child Age

By N. Meltem Daysal, Michael F. Lovenheim, and David N. Wasser

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

We use Danish register data to examine intergenerational rank-rank correlations in net wealth and gross housing wealth by child age and parental income. Our results indicate that gross housing wealth correlations are more stable by child age than are net ...

Estimating the Disparate Cumulative Impact of the Pandemic in Administrative Unemployment Insurance Data

By Alex Bell, T. J. Hedin, Peter Mannino, Roozbeh Moghadam, Carl Romer, Geoffrey C. Schnorr, and Till von Wachter

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

To better measure the full extent of the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on workers and the labor market, this paper estimates three measures of the cumulative impact of the pandemic on workers across intensive and extensive margins using longitudinal admin...

Time Discounting and Time Preference: A Critical Review

By Shane Frederick, George Loewenstein, and Ted O'Donoghue

Journal of Economic Literature, June 2002

This paper discusses the discounted utility (DU) model: its historical development, underlying assumptions, and "anomalies" - the empirical regularities that are inconsistent with its theoretical predictions. We then summarize the alternate theoretical fo...

Early Withdrawal of Pandemic Unemployment Insurance: Effects on Employment and Earnings

By Kyle Coombs, Arindrajit Dube, Calvin Jahnke, Raymond Kluender, Suresh Naidu, and Michael Stepner

AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2022

We examine the effects of the sudden withdrawal of expanded pandemic unemployment benefits in June 2021 using anonymized bank transaction data for 16,253 individuals receiving unemployment insurance (UI) in April 2021. Comparing the difference-in-differen...