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Monetary Policy and Liquidity Constraints: Evidence from the Euro Area

  • Mattias Almgren
  • José-Elías Gallegos
  • John Kramer
  • Ricardo Lima
American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics
vol. 14, no. 4, October 2022
(pp. 309-40)
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Abstract

We quantify the relationship between the response of output to monetary policy shocks and the share of liquidity-constrained households. We do so in the context of the euro area, using a Local Projections Instrumental Variables estimation. We construct an instrument for changes in interest rates from changes in overnight indexed swap rates in a narrow time window around ECB announcements. Monetary policy shocks have heterogeneous effects on output across countries. Using micro data, we show that the elasticity of output to monetary policy shocks is larger in countries that have a larger fraction of households that are liquidity constrained.

Citation

Almgren, Mattias, José-Elías Gallegos, John Kramer, and Ricardo Lima. 2022. "Monetary Policy and Liquidity Constraints: Evidence from the Euro Area." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 14 (4): 309-40. DOI: 10.1257/mac.20200096

Additional Materials

JEL Classification

  • E23 Macroeconomics: Production
  • E43 Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
  • E52 Monetary Policy
  • F33 International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
  • F45 Macroeconomic Issues of Monetary Unions
  • G51 Household Finance: Household Saving, Borrowing, Debt, and Wealth
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