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  5. Activated History: The Case of the Turkish Sieges of Vienna

Activated History: The Case of the Turkish Sieges of Vienna

  • Christian Ochsner
  • Felix Roesel
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics (Forthcoming)

Abstract

We show that history stored in collective memories and activated by political campaigns can create xenophobia and radicalization. Turkish troops besieged Vienna in 1529 and 1683 and pillaged individual Austrian villages, killing and kidnapping in the process. Attacked places remember those events well but never expressed aversion to Muslims until far-right populists started to campaign against Turks and Muslims in the mid-2000s. We find that anti-Muslim sentiments and far-right voting surge in previously attacked places after the populist campaigns were launched, and Turkish communities decrease in response. Historical narratives in political campaigns can mobilize both beliefs and actions.

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