The Flattening Firm and Product Market Competition: The Effect of Trade Liberalization on Corporate Hierarchies
- (pp. 105-27)
Abstract
This paper establishes a causal effect of product market competition on various characteristics of organizational design. Using a unique panel dataset on firm hierarchies of large US firms (1986-1999) and a quasi-natural experiment (trade liberalization), we find that competition leads firms to flatten their hierarchies: firms reduce the number of positions between the CEO and division managers, and firms increase the number of positions reporting directly to the CEO. The results illustrate how firms redesign their organizational structure through a set of complementary choices in response to changes in their environment. We discuss several possible interpretations of these changes. (JEL D23, F13, G34, M12, M51)Citation
Guadalupe, Maria, and Julie Wulf. 2010. "The Flattening Firm and Product Market Competition: The Effect of Trade Liberalization on Corporate Hierarchies." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2 (4): 105-27. DOI: 10.1257/app.2.4.105Additional Materials
JEL Classification
- D23 Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights
- F13 Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
- G34 Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Voting; Proxy Contests; Corporate Governance
- M12 Personnel Management; Executive Compensation
- M51 Personnel Economics: Firm Employment Decisions; Promotions
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