JEL Classification Codes Guide
The guide provides JEL Code application guidelines, keywords, and examples of items within each classification.
The "JEL" classification system originated with the Journal of Economic Literature and is a standard method of classifying scholarly literature in the field of economics. It is used in many of the AEA's published research materials.
Use the guide to gain insight on how JEL Codes are used to classify articles, dissertations, books, book reviews, and working papers. You will also find it is helpful when adding classification codes to your own work.
Click here for printer-friendly formats of the JEL Classification System.
| A General Economics and Teaching |
| B History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches |
| C Mathematical and Quantitative Methods |
| D Microeconomics |
| E Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics |
| F International Economics |
| G Financial Economics |
| H Public Economics |
| I Health, Education, and Welfare |
| J Labor and Demographic Economics |
| K Law and Economics |
| L Industrial Organization |
| M Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics |
| N Economic History |
| O Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth |
| P Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems |
| Q Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics |
| R Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics |
| Y Miscellaneous Categories |
| Z Other Special Topics |
| B | History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches |
| Guideline: | Covers studies about schools of economic thought from pre-classical to contemporary developments (B1-B3) and current heterodox approaches to various economic issues (B5). Also covers studies about methodology (B4). The categories for B5 were created to accommodate the recent substantial developments in non-mainstream (non-neoclassical) economic approaches to contemporary economic problems. Studies about an economic subject (or subjects) adopting a given heterodox approach should be cross-classified under the appropriate B5 category and also under the appropriate subject category (or categories). |
| Keywords: | |
| B00 | General |
| B000 | History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches |
| Guideline: | Covers studies about issues related to the development of the discipline in general. Also covers general inclusive studies about economic thought or methodology. |