Macroeconomic Implications of COVID-19: Can Negative Supply Shocks Cause Demand Shortages?
American Economic Review
vol. 112,
no. 5, May 2022
(pp. 1437-74)
Abstract
Motivated by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, we present a theory of Keynesian supply shocks: shocks that reduce potential output in a sector of the economy, but that, by reducing demand in other sectors, ultimately push aggregate activity below potential. A Keynesian supply shock is more likely when the elasticity of substitution between sectors is relatively low, the intertemporal elasticity of substitution is relatively high, and markets are incomplete. Fiscal policy can display a smaller multiplier, but the insurance benefit of fiscal transfers can be enhanced. Firm exits and job destruction can amplify and propagate the shock.Citation
Guerrieri, Veronica, Guido Lorenzoni, Ludwig Straub, and Iván Werning. 2022. "Macroeconomic Implications of COVID-19: Can Negative Supply Shocks Cause Demand Shortages?" American Economic Review, 112 (5): 1437-74. DOI: 10.1257/aer.20201063Additional Materials
JEL Classification
- D52 Incomplete Markets
- E23 Macroeconomics: Production
- E24 Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
- E32 Business Fluctuations; Cycles
- E62 Fiscal Policy
- I12 Health Behavior
- I18 Health: Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health