AB Bernard, J Eaton, JB Jenson… - 2000 - nber.org
We reconcile international trade theory with findings of enormous plant-level heterogeneity
in exporting and productivity. Our model extends basic Ricardian theory to accommodate
many countries, geographic barriers, and imperfect competition. Fitting the model to ...
J Eaton… - The Review of Economic Studies, 1981 - JSTOR
The analysis of financial transactions when default and bankruptcy are possible strategies
poses difficult theoretical questions. Several researchers have focused on bankruptcy by
individual agents in a domestic economy but have not encompassed all issues relevant to ...
J Eaton… - Econometrica, 2002 - Wiley Online Library
We develop a Ricardian trade model that incorporates realistic geographic features into
general equilibrium. It delivers simple structural equations for bilateral trade with parameters
relating to absolute advantage, to comparative advantage (promoting trade), and to ...
J Eaton… - The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1986 - qje.oxfordjournals.org
Abstract We analyze the welfare effects of trade and industrial policy under oligopoly, and
characterize optimal intervention under a variety of assumptions about market structure and
conduct. When all output is exported, optimal policy with a single home firm depends on ...
J Eaton… - Journal of international Economics, 1996 - Elsevier
We develop a model of growth and technology diffusion which we fit to aggregate data from
OECD countries. Our model implies that each country will eventually grow at the same rate,
with its relative productivity determined by its ability to adopt new inventions. Hence ...
J Eaton… - International Economic Review, 1999 - Wiley Online Library
We model the invention of new technologies and their diffusion across countries. In our
model all countries grow at the same steady-state rate, with each country's productivity
ranking determined by how rapidly it adopts ideas. Research effort is determined by how ...
J Eaton, M Gersovitz… - European Economic Review, 1986 - Elsevier
This paper attempts to survey, and to put into perspective, recent literature that has analyzed
the nature of credit relations between developed and developing countries. This analysis
has made use of recent advances in the economics of information and strategic interaction ...
J Eaton… - Regional Science and Urban Economics, 1997 - Elsevier
The relative populations of the top 40 urban areas of France and Japan remained very
constant during these countries' periods of industrialization and urbanization, and are
described quite well by the 'rank-size rule.'Moreover, projection of their future distributions ...
J Eaton, S Kortum… - 2004 - nber.org
We examine entry across 113 national markets in 16 different industries using a
comprehensive data set of French manufacturing firms. The data are unique in indicating
how much each firm exports to each destination. Looking across all manufacturers:(1) ...
J Eaton, S Kortum… - 2008 - nber.org
We examine the sales of French manufacturing firms in 113 destinations, including France
itself. Several regularities stand out:(1) the number of French firms selling to a market,
relative to French market share, increases systematically with market size;(2) sales ...
J Eaton… - 1995 - nber.org
We apply a modified'gravity model'incorporating measures of factor endowments to analyze
Japanese and US bilateral trade flows and direct foreign investment positions with a sample
of around 100 countries for the period 1985-1990. Country features that our analysis takes ...
J Eaton… - European Economic Review, 2001 - Elsevier
Innovative activity is highly concentrated in a handful of advanced countries. These same
countries are also the major exporters of capital goods to the rest of the world. We develop a
model of trade in capital goods to assess its role spreading the benefits of technological ...
J Eaton… - Handbook of international economics, 1995 - Elsevier
Chapter 39 SOVEREIGN DEBT JONATHAN EATON and RAQUEL FERNANDEZ* Boston
University Contents 1. Introduction 2. Repayment incentives 2.1. Can exclusion from future
credit markets support repayment? 2.2. The debtor's environment 2.3. Reputational ...
J Eaton… - The American Economic Review, 1980 - JSTOR
The growth of tax rates on earned income has focused attention upon the impact of such
taxes on work effort. The effect of taxes on hours of work has been the subject of both
theoretical and econometric study.'The basic lesson of the theoretical literature is that the ...
JA Brander… - The American Economic Review, 1984 - JSTOR
Most firms offer entire product lines rather than single products. There is, however, only a
relatively small body of literature devoted to product line selection by multiproduct
firms.'What literature does exist has focused chiefly on cost considerations: multiproduct ...
J Eaton… - 1985 - nber.org
Free trade is not optimal for a small country that faces uncertain terms of trade if some factors
are immobile-ex post, and markets for contingent claims are incomplete. The government
can improve social welfare by using commercial policy that serves as a partial substitute ...
J Eaton… - 1984 - nber.org
In this paper we examine the factors affecting the structure of executives' compensation
packages. We focus particularly on the role of various types of delayed compensation as
means of" bonding" executives to their firms. The basic problem is to design a ...
J Eaton - The Review of Economic Studies, 1981 - JSTOR
The effect of government policies on the level of investment and inflation has become a
major concern of policy-makers in a number of industrial countries. Proposals to raise the
level of business investment have included overall tax cuts, tax incentives to spur ...
J Eaton - 1987 - nber.org
Significant amounts of private capital have flowed out of several of the more heavily
indebted developing countries. This outflow, often called" capital flight," largely escapes
taxation by the borrowing-country government, and has generated concern about the ...
J Eaton… - 1984 - nber.org
This paper develops a theory of capital movements in the presence of potential
expropriation. The threat of expropriation is derived from utility maximizing behavior by host
countries. Potential investors, anticipating this behavior, modify their investment plans to ...
J Eaton… - Journal of Public Economics, 1980 - Elsevier
Abstract We analyze the structure of an optimal linear income tax when workers are
uncertain about their wages at the time they choose their labor supplies. Background for the
normative analysis is provided by an outline of the positive theory of wage taxation and ...
J Eaton… - Japan and the World Economy, 1997 - Elsevier
We examine productivity growth since World War II in the five leading research economies:
West Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Japan, and the United States. Data on the
capital-output ratio suggest that these countries grew as they did because of their ability to ...
J Eaton, M Eslava, M Kugler… - 2007 - nber.org
Using transactions-level customs data from Colombia, we study firm-specific export patterns
over the period 1996-2005. Our data allow us to track firms' entry and exit into and out of
individual destination markets, as well as their revenues from selling there. We find that, in ...
R Dekle… - Journal of Urban Economics, 1999 - Elsevier
We use Japanese prefectural wage and land rent data to estimate the magnitude of
agglomeration effects in manufacturing and financial services. We also examine the
geographical range of agglomeration effects by estimating the extent to which they ...
J Eaton… - European Economic Review, 2001 - Elsevier
Our recent work examines the links among innovation, technology, trade, and growth. One
strand focuses on research activity, technology diffusion, and growth. The other examines
technology and trade. In this paper we exploit the common treatment of technology in ...
J Eaton - The World Bank Economic Review, 1993 - World Bank
Abstract The troublesome debts of a number of developing countries have spawned a large
literature on why countries borrow, on the extent to which debt contributes to growth, on why
countries repay, and on how debt problems should be handled. This article provides a ...
J Eaton… - Journal of Development Economics, 1980 - Elsevier
Abstract This paper analyzes LDC borrowing and reserve-holding behavior as part of a
general equilibrium portfolio problem. Estimates of LDC debt and reserve demand and
credit supply suggest that debt, along with reserves, serves a transactions role. Another ...
J Eaton… - 1996 - nber.org
Japan and the United States are two major sources of technological innovation in the world
economy. These two countries employ the largest number of research scientists and
engineers among the OECD nations and are major patenters of innovations throughout ...
J Eaton… - 1983 - books.google.com
From a US or West European perspective investment in the Second and Third Worlds looks
very much riskier than investment at home. Recent events in Poland and Mexico, among
other places, seem to provide dramatic confirmation that this perception is well founded. ...
J Eaton… - 1997 - nber.org
We develop a Ricardian model to explore the role of trade in spreading the benefits of"
innovation. The theory delivers an equation for bilateral trade that gravity specification, but
identifies underlying parameters of technology. We estimate the" equation using trade in ...
J Eaton, M Gersovitz… - 1981 - princeton.edu
POOR COUNTRY BORROWING IN PRIVATE FINANCIAL MARKETS AND THE REPUDIATION
ISSUE* by Jonathan Eaton and Mark Gersovitz Princeton University Table of Contents I. Introduction
Page 1. Focus of the study 1 2. Experience in the markets ^ II. Private Lending With ...
JJ Eaton… - International Journal of Information Management, 1991 - Elsevier
The idea of 'information as resource', and the related 'information as commodity' is
reviewed. Attributes of information which make it appear similar to.
J Eaton, E Gutierrez… - Economic Policy, 1998 - Wiley Online Library
European countries do less research than Japan and the United States. But their lower level
of research effort has more to do with the smaller markets facing European inventors than
with lower research productivity. Europe has substantial research potential, in that ...
J Eaton… - 1994 - nber.org
We model the invention of new technologies and their diffusion across countries. Our model
predicts that, eventually, all countries will grow at the same rate, with each country's
productivity ranking determined by how rapidly it adopts inventions. The common growth ...
J Eaton, S Kortum,
B Neiman… - 2011 - nber.org
Global trade fell 30 percent relative to GDP during the Great Recession of 2008-2009. Did
this collapse result from factors impeding international transactions or did it simply reflect the
greater severity of the recession in highly traded sectors? We answer this question with ...
J Eaton - 1987 - nber.org
In a dynamic economy land and capital serve not only as factors of production but as assets
which individuals use to transfer income from workinq periods to retirement. Static models of
international trade based on the specific-factors model incorporate only the first of these. ...
J Eaton… - The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1980 - JSTOR
The literature on optimal taxation has provided useful principles for guiding thought about
both efficient commodity taxation and optimal redistributive taxation. 1 However, most
contributions to optimal tax theory have assumed that all prices, including that of leisure, ...
J Eaton - Handbook of Development Economics, 1989 - vnp.edu.vn
The use of foreign capital by developing countries has varied substantially across countries
and between historical periods. There has been variation both in the aggregate amounts of
capita suppfied and in the form in which it has been provided. In the brief period from 1970 ...
J Eaton… - 1987 - nber.org
Foreign portfolio investment is threatened by the risk of default and repudiation, while direct
foreign investment is threatened by the risk of expropriation. These two contractual forms of
investment can differ substantially in:(1) the amount of capital they can transfer from ...
J Eaton - The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1990 - JSTOR
I t is now apparent that the governments of many developing countries will not repay their
debts as initially contracted. Creditors have already forgiven loans to some poor borrowers
in Africa. Loans to several middle-income borrowers, mostly in Latin America, trade in ...
J Eaton, H Kierzkowski… - 1982 - en.scientificcommons.org
Abstract This paper develops a model of industrial structure and product variety when
technology is characterized by increasing returns to scale. Unlike theories of increasing
returns in markets that are contestable, we assume here that an entrant must incur a fixed ...
J Eaton… - Journal of International Economics, 1979 - Elsevier
Abstract This paper examines the effect on welfare of improvements in the terms of trade and
movement from autarky to free trade in the presence of variable returns to scale, production
and consumption taxes, tariffs and factor market distortions. By expressing welfare in ...
J Eaton… - Journal of Development Economics, 1986 - Elsevier
... NorthHolland DEVELOPING COUNTRY FINANCE AND DEBT Jonathan EATON and Lance
TAYLOR* Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Received January
1985, final version received October 1985 The recent LDC debt crisis has generated a ...
J Eaton… - 1999 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: We model the invention of new technologies and their diffusion across countries.
Our model predicts that, eventually, all countries will grow at the same rate, with each
country's productivity ranking determined by how rapidly it adopts inventions. The ...
J Eaton… - The American Economic Review, 1999 - JSTOR
Governments often seek influence beyond their borders. One way is through what Thomas
Schelling (1960, 1966) calls" brute force," taking direct physical control. Less extreme
methods are to promise rewards for taking desired actions, or to threaten punishments for ...
J Eaton - International Journal of Finance & Economics, 1996 - Wiley Online Library
Abstract This paper develops a model in which sovereign debtors repay debt in order to
maintain a reputation for repayment. Repayment gives creditors reason to think that the
debtor will suffer adverse consequences if the debtor defaults, so they continue to lend. I ...
J Eaton - 1988 - nber.org
Land and capital serve not only as factors of production but as assets which households use
as stores of value. Standard trade models typically recognize only the first role. In its role as
an asset land reduces the amount of national savings available for capital investment. ...
J Eaton, M Eslava, M Kugler… - The Organization of …, 2008 - iwb.vwl.uni-muenchen.de
Abstract Using transactions% level customs data from Colombia, we study firm% specific
exporting patterns over the period 1996% 2005. Our data allow us to track firmsientry and
exit into and out of individual destination markets, as well their revenues from selling there ...
R Dekle, J Eaton… - 2007 - nber.org
We incorporate trade imbalances into a quantitative model of bilateral trade in manufactures,
dividing the world into forty countries. Fitting the model to 2004 data on GDP and bilateral
trade we calculate how relative wages, real wages, and welfare would differ in a ...
WH Buiter… - 1986 - nber.org
The paper provides a theoretical framework for analyzing policy formation among
independent authorities operating in an interdependent environment. This is then applied to
the analysis of optimal monetary policy in a stochastic two— country model with rational ...
J Eaton… - 2006 - nber.org
We explore the determinants of research specialization across countries and its
consequences for relative wages. Using a dynamic Ricardian model we examine the effects
of faster international technology diffusion and lower trade barriers on the incentive to ...
J Eaton… - 1984 - nber.org
A number of macroeconomic models of open economies under flexible exchange rate
assume a strong version of perfect capital mobility which implies that currency speculation
commands no risk premium. If this assumption is dropped a number of important results ...
J Eaton… - Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1990 - JSTOR
We develop a model of alternating price competition between firms selling differentiated
products to nonhomogeneous consumers. Subgame perfect equilibria exist that support
quite collusive prices even though each firm's price depends only upon its rival's current ...
J Eaton, S Kortum… - Patents, innovation and economic …, 2004 - nber.org
Abstract The European Patent Office (EPO) provides a simplified, and less costly, means of
seeking patent protection in the majority of European countries. We discuss issues in
measurement of patenting raised by the European Patent, and then survey patterns in ...
J Eaton - Journal of Banking & Finance, 1986 - Elsevier
Abstract If penalizing a borrower in default is costly to lenders, Pareto-improving loans may
be dynamically inconsistent not because there is no sufficiently harsh penalty for default, but
because the lender has no incentive to implement the penalty if default occurs. Infinitely- ...
J Eaton… - Eastern Economic Journal, 1996 - JSTOR
Here we review a new methodology to trace the source of technical change to its origins in
the inventive activity of different countries. Eaton and Kortum [1996a; 1996b] develop and
apply variants of this methodology to infer the sources of growth in the world economy. 2
J Eaton… - The American Economic Review, 1983 - JSTOR
With the advent of increased exchange rate flexibility, the role of policy and the transmission
of economic disturbances under flexible rates have become topics of considerable interest.
J. Marcus Fleming (1962) and Robert Mundell (1963), in their early analysis of the theory ...
J Eaton… - The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1984 - qje.oxfordjournals.org
Abstract This paper examines two issues. The first is the role of speculation in stabilizing the
economy against stochastic disturbances. Increased speculation (i) stabilizes domestic
income against disturbances in the domestic bond market and forward exchange market;( ...
J Eaton - International Economic Review, 1979 - JSTOR
The extent to which uncertainty in the terms of trade reduces the welfare and the optimal
level of trade of a small, open economy has been the subject of much recent inquiry. 2 An
early piece by Brainard and Cooper [1968] and subsequent analysis by Batra and Russell ...
R Dekle, J Eaton… - IMF Staff Papers, 2008 - palgrave-journals.com
Abstract This paper uses a 42-country model of production and trade to assess the
implications of eliminating current account imbalances for relative wages, relative GDPs,
real wages, and real absorption. How much relative GDPs need to change depends on ...
[CITATION] Credit policy and international competition
J Eaton - Strategic trade policy and the new …, 1986 - MIT Press Cambridge, MA
J Eaton - The Review of Economic Studies, 1980 - JSTOR
2. UTILITY MAXIMIZATION UNDER RELATIVE PRICE UNCERTAINTY This section presents
a formal model of consumer choice under price uncertainty. The consumer chooses a vector
of quantities x and a vector of quantities y sequentially to maximize an objective function U ...
J Eaton… - Manuscript, University of Minnesota, 2009 - indiana.edu
Technology is central to international economics. Nearly two centuries ago, Ricardo posited
that differences in technologies across countries generate comparative advantage, and the
basis for mutually gainful trade. More recently, economists have attributed differences in ...
J Eaton… - Economica, 1983 - JSTOR
A number of authors, most prominently Clower (1965) and Leijonhofvud (1968), have
interpreted Keynes's theory of unemployment as a disequilibrium model. Nominal price and
wage rigidity prevent the labour market from clearing. The actual level of employment is ...
J Eaton - Journal of International Money and Finance, 1985 - Elsevier
Abstract This paper analyzes exchange-rate management in a simple overlapping
generations model. This framework is used to evaluate alternative policies in terms of their
implications for the welfare of individuals in the economy and for generating seigniorage. ...
J Eaton… - The RAND Journal of Economics, 1984 - JSTOR
This article develops a model of industrial structure and product variety when tastes are
diffuse and when a firm must incur a fixed cost and design a product before producing.
Pricing and output decisions occur subsequently. While standard Cournot-Nash and ...
[CITATION] Predatory dumping as signal jamming
J Eaton… - Trade, Policy, and International Adjustments, 1991
J Eaton… - Oxford Economic Papers, 1986 - JSTOR
DECISIONS about marketing strategy are an important component of competition among
firms. Marketing can take many forms: advertising, developing ongoing relationships with
retailers, and packaging are examples. With some types of products, marketing serves the ...
M Gunderson, J Sack, J McCartney… - British Journal of …, 1995 - Wiley Online Library
Employee buyouts of failing firms have attracted increased attention for a variety of reasons.
They have been considered as a response to the dramatic restructuring that has been
occurring in many economies, including that of Canada. This response is usually an ...
J Eaton - 1990 - nber.org
ABSTRACT I develop a model in which sovereign debtors repay debt in order to maintain a
reputation for repayment. Repayment gives creditors reason to think that the debtor will
suffer adverse consequences if it defaults, so they continue to lend. I compare a situation ...
J Eaton… - Economica, 1982 - JSTOR
The literature on trade and growth provides several examples in which factor augmentation
or technical progress can reduce the welfare of an open economy. The most famous
example of such" immiserizing growth" is Bhagwati's (1958) demonstration that growth ...
WH Buiter… - 1984 - nber.org
This paper explores some implications of the use of national currencies as international
reserves. First, a closed economy overlapping-generations model is developed to derive
time-consistent tax and inflation policies for a government that is financing a given stream ...
[CITATION] Strategic Capacity Investment and Product Market Competition
J Eaton, GM Grossman… - 1984 - Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton …
R Dekle… - 1994 - nber.org
We use Japanese prefectural wage and land price data to estimate the magnitude of
agglomeration effects in manufacturing and finance. We also examine the range of
agglomeration effects by estimating the extent to which they diminish with distance, using ...
J Eaton - 1989 - nber.org
When rents generated by government policies are perceived as permanent, the rights to
earn them may be capitalized as assets that form a component of nonhuman wealth. The
existence of such assets raises international indebtedness, while shifts in policy that ...
WH Butter… - The American Economic Review, 1981 - JSTOR
In a recent paper, Edward Kuska delivers a sweeping indictment of Keynesian balance of
payments theory:"... almost all of the models of the Keynesian balance-of-payments literature
suffer from internal contradictions and deficiencies which make them unsuitable for ...
J Eaton… - The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1988 - JSTOR
In our original paper we used conjectural variations to parameterize the nature of
oligopolistic competition. We viewed this as a reduced-form way to capture in a simple, static
framework the dynamic reactions that make some rivalries more competitive than others.' ...
J Eaton… - 1998 - bu.edu
Abstract Countries differ in their absolute and relative productivities in doing research across
different technologies. They also differ in their propensity to adopt different technologies from
abroad. Moreover, technologies may vary in their international mobility. We make use of ...
J Eaton - 1994 - nber.org
The banking systems of some countries export intermediation services to the rest of the
world, while many other countries are net exporters of deposits to banks abroad and net
importers of loans from banks abroad. Banking center countries typically have lower ...
[CITATION] Trade and Investment in North-America Pacific Region: Does NAFTA matter?
J Eaton… - Asian Economic Dynamism and new Asia-Pacific …, 1993
J Eaton… - 1979 - princeton.edu
ABSTRACT This paper explores the mi eroeconomic foundations of two essential features of
the disequilibrium model: the assumption of wage rigidity and the assumption that the
effective demand and supply expressed in a market are invariant with respect to the ...
J Eaton… - Journal of International Money and Finance, 1982 - Elsevier
Abstract This paper develops a macroeconomic model in which domestic and foreign bonds
are perfect substitutes on a covered basis, but in which speculators are assumed to be risk
averse. We analyze the effects of various transitory and permanent disturbances on the ...
J Eaton… - Economics Letters, 1995 - Elsevier
Because sovereign borrowers may default, lenders charge contractual interest rates different
from their opportunity costs of funds. This contractual rate may be above or below the
borrower's marginal product of capital and cannot guide domestic investments. Other ...
[CITATION] Trade in Ideas: Patenting and Productivity in the OECD
E Jonathan… - Journal of International Economics, 1996
[CITATION] Dissecting Trade: Firms, Industries, and
J Eaton, S Kortum… - 2004
[CITATION] Cities and growth: Theory and evidence from France and Japan
Z Eckstein… - 1994 - Working paper, Economics …
J Eaton… - Management Research News, 1979 - dspace.princeton.edu
Abstract This paper analyzes the effect of wage and interest taxation on investment in huan
capital. It is shown that results derived under the assumption that human, capita1 is a
riskless asset fail to obtain when the return on human capi-tal is uncertain. The interaction ...
G Hunt… - Equity, diversity, and Canadian labour, 2007 - books.google.com
Methods Information for this chapter was collected from a variety of sources. Hunt has been
following union engagement with GLBT issues for several years (Hunt 1997, 1999a, 2002;
Hunt and Rayside 2000). For this chapter, he was able to draw on this previous research, ...
[CITATION] European research policy
J Eaton, E Gutierrez… - Economic Policy, 1998
S Kortum… - Finance and Economics Discussion …, 1995 - econpapers.repec.org
Related works: Working Paper: Trade in Ideas: Patenting and Productivity in the OECD
(1997) Working Paper: Trade in Ideas: Patenting and Productivity onn the OECD (1995) Journal
Article: Trade in ideas Patenting and productivity in the OECD (1996) This item may be ...
[CITATION] hAn Anatomy of International Trade: Evidence from French Firms, imimeo
J Eaton, S Kortum… - University of Minnesota and New York University, 2005
[CITATION] lAn Anatomy of Inter% national Trade: Evidence from French Firms, mWorking Paper
J Eaton, S Kortum… - New York University, Department of Economics, 2007
JJ Eaton… - 1987 - opengrey.eu
Is Information a'resource'?: A Review of the Literature Relating to the Economic Significance
of Information. Jonathan J Eaton, University of Sheffield. Department of Information Studies
University of Sheffield Department of Information Studies, 1987.
[CITATION] Sentencing: The New Dimensions
JHM Eaton, FWM McElrea… - 2003 - New Zealand Law Society
[CITATION] Japanese and US Exports and Investment as Conduits of Growth," Financial Deregulation and Integration in East Asia, edited by Anne O. Krueger and …
J Eaton… - 1996
[CITATION] Soverign Debt
J Eaton… - Handbook of International Economics
[CITATION] VBi (lateralism and Re (gionalism in Japanese and US Trade and Direct Foreign Investment
J Eaton… - V The Journal of The Japanese and International …, 1994
J Eaton… - 1996 - bu.edu
Abstract Measures of innovative activity show it to be concentrated in a small number of
countries. Yet the benefits of innovation are experienced broadly. International trade is one
conduit through which the benefits of innovation in one country can flow abroad. ...
[CITATION] Covered Interest Parity
J Eaton… - Uncovered Interest, 1981
[CITATION] International sanctions
J Eaton… - New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics and the Law, 1998
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