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Interest-group competition and the organization of congress: theory and evidence from financial services' political action committees

[PDF] from psu.edu
RS Kroszner… - American Economic Review, 1998 - JSTOR
We develop a positive theory of how interest-group competition shapes the organization of
Congress and use it to explain campaign contribution patterns in financial services. Since
interest groups cannot enforce fee-for-service contracts with legislators, legislators have ...
Cited by 240 - Related articles - Get it from MIT Libraries - Library Search - BL Direct - All 16 versions

What do campaign contributions buy? Deciphering causal effects of money and votes

T Stratmann - Southern Economic Journal, 1991 - JSTOR
In the 1987-1988 election cycle, political action committees (PACs) spent $176.6 million on
candidates who competed for a seat in the House of Representatives. What do PACs buy
when contributing this money? If campaign contributions are rational allocations of a ...
Cited by 154 - Related articles - Get it from MIT Libraries - All 2 versions

Are contributors rational? Untangling strategies of political action committees

T Stratmann - Journal of Political Economy, 1992 - JSTOR
Empirical public choice literature and casual observation suggest that the behavior of
political action committees is remarkably unsophisticated, meaning that PACs give to those
legislators who would support their interests anyway. Thus it is suggested that contributor ...
Cited by 150 - Related articles - Get it from MIT Libraries - All 7 versions

Plurality rule, proportional representation, and the German Bundestag: How incentives to pork-barrel differ across electoral systems

[PDF] from ifo-dresden.de
T Stratmann… - 2002 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: This paper examines the importance of electoral rules for legislators' behavior. The
German electoral system includes a mechanism which assigns whether legislators are
elected under the" first-past-the-post"(FPTP), or the proportional representation (PR) ...
Cited by 142 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 19 versions

Market for Congressional Votes: Is Timing of Contributions Everything, The

T Stratmann - JL & Econ., 1998 - HeinOnline
ABSTRACT This study utilizes the timing of campaign contributions to identify whether the
objective of Political Action Committees (PACs) is to influence congressional votes or solely
to elect a preferred candidate. The results show that PAC behavior is con-sistent with an ...
Cited by 124 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 9 versions

Can Special Interests Buy Congressional Votes? Evidence from Financial Services Legislation*

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T Stratmann - Journal of Law and Economics, 2002 - JSTOR
Abstract The challenge in the campaign contribution literature has been to overcome the
simultaneous-equation bias that is inherent in the vote-contribution relationship. This paper
proposes a new method to overcome this bias. It examines behavior at different points of ...
Cited by 118 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 14 versions

The effects of logrolling on congressional voting

T Stratmann - The American Economic Review, 1992 - JSTOR
The theoretical public-choice literature suggests that vote trading is an important
determinant of congressional voting behavior. Yet empirical voting models do not allow for
vote trading. These models recognize that observed ideology may influence legislative ...
Cited by 104 - Related articles - Get it from MIT Libraries - BL Direct - All 7 versions

Campaign Contributions and Congressional Voting: Does the Timing of Contributions Matter?

T Stratmann - The Review of Economics and Statistics, 1995 - JSTOR
Theoretical and empirical studies do not address whether campaign contributions from more
than one election cycle are important for congressional voting behavior. Further, they do not
address whether campaign contributions from different periods have different effects on ...
Cited by 103 - Related articles - Get it from MIT Libraries - All 6 versions

The economic effects of democratic participation

[PDF] from narotama.ac.id
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DC Mueller… - Journal of Public Economics, 2003 - Elsevier
Considerable concern has been expressed in recent years about declines in voter
participation rates in the United States and in several other major democratic countries.
Some feel low participation rates introduce a 'class bias' into the political process and ...
Cited by 97 - Related articles - All 13 versions

Some talk: Money in politics. A (partial) review of the literature

[PDF] from rochester.edu
T Stratmann - Policy Challenges and Political Responses, 2005 - Springer
The financing of political campaigns is an area of active scholarly study. I review some of the
recent literature and discuss important methodological issues that arise in empirical
research on campaign expenditures and campaign contributions. The effects of campaign ...
Cited by 96 - Related articles - Get it from MIT Libraries - BL Direct - All 28 versions

Congressional voting over legislative careers: Shifting positions and changing constraints

T Stratmann - American Political Science Review, 2000 - JSTOR
The proposed model predicts that voting behavior of legislators is more variable early in
their career and that junior members are more likely to vote with their party than senior
members. The results from the analysis of voting patterns in the House of Representatives ...
Cited by 75 - Related articles - Get it from MIT Libraries - BL Direct - All 2 versions

Informative and persuasive campaigning

Full text - MIT Libraries
DC Mueller… - Public choice, 1994 - Springer
In this paper we use a simple Downsian spatial model to analyze the properties of campaign
contributions. We first consider campaign contributions that are intended to inform voters of
candidate positions. We show that it is difficult to construct arguments in a Downsian ...
Cited by 67 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 6 versions

Fiscal policy and financial markets*

[PDF] from gmu.edu
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B Akitoby… - The Economic Journal, 2008 - Wiley Online Library
The views expressed in this article are those of the author (s) and do not represent those of
the IMF or IMF policy. This article was written when Thomas Stratmann was a visiting scholar
with the IMF's Fiscal Affairs Department in early 2005. Thomas Stratmann thanks the ...
Cited by 65 - Related articles - Library Search - All 15 versions

Corporate Campaign Contributions, Repeat Giving, and the Rewards to Legislator Reputation*

[PDF] from upenn.edu
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RS Kroszner… - Journal of Law and Economics, 2005 - JSTOR
Abstract Are politicians who follow a strategy of reputational development rewarded with
high levels of corporate campaign contributions? Reputational clarity could help to reduce
uncertainty about a candidate and lead to greater campaign contributions from favored ...
Cited by 45 - Related articles - All 20 versions

Selling favors in the lab: Experiments on campaign finance reform

[PDF] from ifo.de
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D Houser… - Public Choice, 2008 - Springer
Abstract Campaign advertising can provide benefits to constituencies when used to fund the
distribution of useful information, but voters can be harmed if candidates finance such
advertising by trading policy favors to special interests in exchange for contributions. We ...
Cited by 43 - Related articles - Library Search - BL Direct - All 33 versions

How Reflection Constituencies Matter: Evidence from Political Action Committees' Contributions and Congressional Voting

T Stratmann - JL & Econ., 1996 - HeinOnline
Abstract This article shows that voting in the US Congress and contribution strategies of
political action committees (PACs) are guided not by the median voter model but by a model
that emphasizes characteristics of legislators' unobserved reelection constituencies. It also ...
Cited by 42 - Related articles - Library Search - BL Direct - All 8 versions

Logrolling 1

T Stratmann - The Encyclopedia of Public Choice, 2003 - Springer
Vote trading between legislators or committee members is a common phenomenon. The
economics and political science literature defines logrolling or vote-trading as follows: Let (x,
y) and (z, w) be pairs of mutually exclusive issues and let voter preferences with respect to ...
Cited by 42 - Related articles

Effect of Abortion Legalization on Sexual Behavior: Evidence from Sexually Transmitted Diseases, The

[PDF] from wofford.edu
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J Klick… - J. Legal Stud., 2003 - HeinOnline
ABSTRACT Unwanted pregnancy represents a major cost of sexual activity. When abortion
was legalized in a number of states in 1969 and 1970 (and nationally in 1973), this cost was
reduced. We predict that abortion legalization generated incentives leading to an increase ...
Cited by 42 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 36 versions

Competition policy for elections: Do campaign contribution limits matter?

Full text - MIT Libraries
T Stratmann - Public Choice, 2006 - Springer
Abstract This paper examines whether campaign contribution restrictions have
consequences for election outcomes. States are a natural laboratory to examine this issue.
We analyze elections to Assemblies from 1980 to 2001 and determine whether ...
Cited by 42 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 7 versions

Cheap donuts and expensive broccoli: the effect of relative prices on obesity

[PDF] from uic.edu
J Gelbach, J Klick… - 2009 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: In recent years, much attention has been directed at the ongoing increase in body
weight, and what might be done about it. We use data from the National Health Interview
Survey (NHIS) for the period 1982-1996 to estimate models relating measures of body ...
Cited by 37 - Related articles - All 7 versions

[PDF] Does Medical Malpractice Reform Help States Retain Physicians and Does It Matter

[PDF] from 67.208.89.102
J Klick… - Florida State University Law School Working …, 2005 - 67.208.89.102
Abstract: Many states have passed medical malpractice law reforms in an effort to retain and
attract physicians. However, it is unclear what the net public health effect of such reforms is.
While reforms are likely to help states retain doctors, they also diminish incentives to ...
Cited by 34 - Related articles - View as HTML - All 8 versions

Political contribution caps and lobby formation: Theory and evidence

[PDF] from mecon.gov.ar
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A Drazen, N Limão… - Journal of Public Economics, 2007 - Elsevier
The perceived importance of “special interest group” money in election campaigns motivates
widespread use of caps on allowable contributions. We present a bargaining model in which
the effect of a cap that is not too stringent on the amount a lobby can contribute improves ...
Cited by 32 - Related articles - Library Search - BL Direct - All 26 versions

Tainted money? Contribution limits and the effectiveness of campaign spending

[PDF] from cesifogroup.de
T Stratmann - 2003 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: Campaign expenditures are not effective in increasing candidates' vote shares if
voters do not respond to the advertisement when they believe that campaign expenditures
are financed with" tainted money." In this situation, limiting contributions may reduce the ...
Cited by 30 - Related articles - All 21 versions

Institutionalized Bailouts and Fiscal Policy: Consequences of Soft Budget Constraints

[PDF] from econstor.eu
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A Fink… - Kyklos, 2011 - Wiley Online Library
States have soft budget constraints when they can expect a bailout by the federal
government in the event of a financial crisis. This gives rise to incentives for unsound state
fiscal policy. We test whether states with softer budget constraints have higher debts and ...
Cited by 28 - Related articles - Library Search - All 26 versions

Logrolling in the US Congress

Full text - MIT Libraries
T Stratmann - Economic Inquiry, 1995 - Wiley Online Library
Does exchange, ie, vote trading, occur in legislatures?! f so, is it quantitatively important or
optimal? How important are political parties for the organization of logrolling coalitions? To
address these questions, this paper investigates a broad range of votes where logrolling ...
Cited by 28 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 9 versions

Effects of prenatal and early life malnutrition: Evidence from the Greek famine

[PDF] from cesifo-group.de
S Neelsen… - Journal of Health Economics, 2011 - Elsevier
Abstract This paper examines the long run education and labor market effects from early-life
exposure to the Greek 1941-42 famine. Given the short duration of the famine, we can
separately identify the famine effects for cohorts exposed in utero, during infancy and at ...
Cited by 29 - Related articles - Get it from MIT Libraries - Library Search - All 27 versions

How prices matter in politics: The returns to campaign advertising

[PDF] from ifo.de
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T Stratmann - Public Choice, 2009 - Springer
Abstract The apparent ineffectiveness of incumbent campaign spending in congressional
elections is one of the enduring puzzles in the political economy literature. Previous work in
this area has assumed that advertising prices are uniform across congressional districts, ...
Cited by 28 - Related articles - All 16 versions

Medical Malpractice Reform and Physicians in High‐Risk Specialties

[PDF] from upenn.edu
Full text - MIT Libraries
J Klick… - The Journal of Legal Studies, 2007 - JSTOR
Abstract If medical malpractice reform affects the supply of physicians, the effects will be
concentrated in specialties facing high liability exposure. Many doctors are likely to be
indifferent regarding reform, because their likelihood of being sued is low. This difference ...
Cited by 26 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 11 versions

Does political ambiguity pay? Corporate campaign contributions and the rewards to legislator reputation

[PDF] from psu.edu
RS Kroszner… - 2000 - nber.org
Do politicians tend to follow a strategy of ambiguity in their policy positions or a strategy of
reputational development to reduce uncertainty about where they stand? Ambiguity could
allow a legislator to avoid alienating constituents and to play rival interests off against ...
Cited by 25 - Related articles - Library Search - BL Direct - All 15 versions

Is spending more potent for or against a proposition? Evidence from ballot measures

Full text - MIT Libraries
T Stratmann - American Journal of Political Science, 2006 - Wiley Online Library
The recent academic literature suggests that pressure from special interest groups has little
or no influence on whether initiatives and referendums are passed or defeated. Further,
there is a consensus that, to the degree that groups' campaigning is important for ...
Cited by 26 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 3 versions

Effectiveness of Money in Ballot Measure Campaigns, The

[PDF] from gmu.edu
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T Stratmann - S. Cal. L. Rev., 2004 - HeinOnline
When it comes to money in politics, academic research has a difficult time establishing that
the resources spent by special interest groups influence the formation of legislation, the
passage and defeat of ballot measures, and the identity of the winner in candidate ...
Cited by 23 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 6 versions

Competition Policy for Elections: Do Campaign Contribution Limits Matter?

[PDF] from olemiss.edu
T Stratmann… - 2001 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: Theoretically, campaign contribution restrictions can either lead to closer elections
or amount to incumbent protection devices. States are a natural laboratory to examine the
effect of contribution restrictions on election outcomes. We analyze elections to the state ...
Cited by 23 - Related articles - All 13 versions

Ballot access restrictions and candidate entry in elections

[PDF] from psu.edu
T Stratmann - European Journal of Political Economy, 2005 - Elsevier
In many states of the United States, candidates must meet certain requirements in order to
be listed on the ballot. Such requirements include filing fees and minimum number of
collected signatures. Incumbents have incentives to use these requirements to protect ...
Cited by 24 - Related articles - Get it from MIT Libraries - All 10 versions

Instability of collective decisions? Testing for cyclical majorities

Full text - MIT Libraries
T Stratmann - Public Choice, 1996 - Springer
The issues of cyclical majorities and instability of collective choices have been in the fore-
front in the discussion of social choice mechanisms. Cycling, lack of equilibria, and so called
chaos theorems have been prevalent in the public choice literature. Whether cycling ...
Cited by 20 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 8 versions

Political Economy at Any Speed: What Determines Traffic Citations?

[PDF] from michaelmakowsky.com
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MD Makowsky… - The American Economic Review, 2009 - JSTOR
Can speeding tickets be explained solely by a driver's excessive speed, or could they be
seen as serving as supplemental local revenue, or reflecting officer preferences? Theory
suggests that the levels of enforcement and punishment for traffic violations are based on ...
Cited by 19 - Related articles - All 16 versions

Diabetes treatments and moral hazard

[PDF] from escholarship.org
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J Klick… - Journal of Law and Economics, 2007 - JSTOR
Abstract In the face of rising rates of diabetes, many states have passed laws requiring
health insurance plans to cover medical treatments for the disease. Although supporters of
the mandates expect them to improve the health of diabetics, the mandates have the ...
Cited by 19 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 21 versions

Contribution limits and the effectiveness of campaign spending

[PDF] from chicagobooth.edu
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T Stratmann - Public Choice, 2006 - Springer
Abstract Much work on the apparent ineffectiveness on incumbent spending in
congressional elections has hypothesized that the productivity of incumbent spending is low
because incumbents operate on the “flat part” of their election returns function. Differences ...
Cited by 18 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 20 versions

Congressional committees as reputation-building mechanisms

Full text - MIT Libraries
RS Kroszner… - Business and Politics, 2000 - Taylor & Francis
Interest groups cannot enforce contracts with legislators to work in their favor since fee-for-
service agreements would be considered bribery. When such contracts are not available, a
system of specialized, standing committees can provide a second-best way to maximize ...
Cited by 18 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 11 versions

What do medical services buy? Effects of doctor visits on work day loss

[PDF] from holycross.edu
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T Stratmann - Eastern Economic Journal, 1999 - JSTOR
Do doctor visits reduce work time lost due to illness? The health economics literature has
extensively examined the supply and demand side of the medical services market, studying
the role of new technologies, the effects ofhealth insurance, increasing health ...
Cited by 18 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 8 versions

Abortion access and risky sex among teens: parental involvement laws and sexually transmitted diseases

[PDF] from yeson4.net
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J Klick… - Journal of Law, Economics, and …, 2008 - Oxford Univ Press
Abstract Laws requiring minors to seek parental consent or to notify a parent prior to
obtaining an abortion raise the cost of risky sex for teenagers. Assuming choices to engage
in risky sex are made rationally, parental involvement laws should lead to less risky sex ...
Cited by 16 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 26 versions

Subsidizing Addiction: Do State Health Insurance Mandates Increase Alcohol Consumption?

[PDF] from mercatus.org
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J Klick… - The Journal of Legal Studies, 2006 - JSTOR
Abstract A model of addiction in which individuals are forward looking implies that as the
availability of addiction treatment options grows, individuals will consume more of an
addictive good. We test this implication using cross-state variation in the adoption of ...
Cited by 13 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 23 versions

Judicial selection: politics, biases, and constituency demands

[PDF] from cenet.org.cn
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T Stratmann… - Public Choice, 2004 - Springer
The determinants of recent US districtcourt judges and appellate court judgesselection have
been subject of much debate, but little systematic evidence has beenpresented to
substantiate claims regardingdiscrimination against particular groups ofjudicial nominees, ...
Cited by 9 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 21 versions

[BOOK] The economic effects of democratic participation

[DOC] from narotama.ac.id
DC Mueller, T Stratmann, Universität München… - 2002 - ejournal.narotama.ac.id
Abstract Considerable concern has been expressed in recent years about declines in voter
participation rates in the United States and in several other major democratic countries.
Some feel low participation rates introduce a 'class bias' into the political process and ...
Cited by 8 - Related articles - View as HTML - Get it from MIT Libraries - Library Search - All 5 versions

Offsetting behavior in the workplace

[PDF] from gmu.edu
J Klick… - 2003 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: This paper examines the effect of workplace safety regulations on worker safety.
Studies in this area must overcome the issue that regulations and worker safety are jointly
determined and that regulatory resources are likely to focus on the worst offenders. We ...
Cited by 7 - Related articles - All 10 versions

The value of institutions for financial markets: evidence from emerging markets

[PDF] from mercatus.org
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B Akitoby… - Review of World Economics, 2010 - Springer
Abstract This paper investigates the value of political institutions for financial markets, using
panel data from emerging market countries. We test the hypothesis that changes in political
institutions, such as improvements in democratic rights and increased government ...
Cited by 6 - Related articles - Library Search - All 13 versions

[PDF] Do strict electoral campaign finance rules limit corruption?

[PDF] from cesifo.de
T Stratmann - CESifo DICE Report, 2003 - cesifo.de
When candidates for democratic office run for election they are looking for funds to finance
their campaigns. These funds allow them to get the word out about their positions, and their
campaign advertisements inform voters about those positions. 1 Thus campaign ...
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Do Black Mayors Improve Black Employment Outcomes? Evidence from Large US Cities

[PDF] from clemson.edu
J Nye, I Rainer… - … Paper in Economics No. 10-11, 2010 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: To what extent do politicians reward voters who are members of their own ethnic or
racial group? Using data from large cities in the United States, we study how black
employment outcomes are affected by changes in the race of the cities' mayors between ...
Cited by 5 - Related articles - All 8 versions

Plurality Rule vs. Proportional Representation. How Much of a Difference Do Electoral Rules Make? Evidence from Germany

Full text - MIT Libraries
T Stratmann… - American Journal of Political Science, 2002 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: This paper examines the importance of electoral rules for legislators' behavior. It
uses a quasi-natural experiment that assigns whether legislators are elected under the" first-
pass-the-post"(FPTP), or the proportional representation (PR) electoral rule. The ...
Cited by 5 - Related articles - All 2 versions

[PDF] Party-Line Voting and Committee Assignments in the German Mixed Member System

[PDF] from gmu.edu
T Stratmann - Democratic constitutional design and public policy: …, 2006 - gmu.edu
Traditionally, electoral systems fall into two categories: proportional and majoritarian
systems. Proportional systems tend to have multi-seat districts, party lists, and multiple
parties, while majoritarian systems tend to have geographically based single-seat districts, ...
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[CITATION] Votes for Sale?

T Stratmann - … from Financial Service Legislation” Presented at the, 2000
Cited by 5 - Related articles

[CITATION] Subnational Health Spending and Soft Budget Constraints in OECD Countries

E Crivelli, A Leive, T Stratmann… - 2010 - International Monetary Fund
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Do Low Contribution Limits Insulate Incumbents from Competition?

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T Stratmann - Election Law Journal, 2010 - online.liebertpub.com
WHETHER CAMPAIGN FINANCE reform improves the competitiveness of elections is a
vigorously debated issue. Some observers claim that limits on the size of contributions are
inherently biased in favor of incumbents. These scholars reason that campaign ...
Cited by 4 - Related articles - All 3 versions

[CITATION] Notes on the Evolution of the Congressional Committee System in the Twentieth Century

RS Kroszner… - 1997 - Working paper. Chicago: University …
Cited by 3 - Related articles

[CITATION] The politics of Superfund

T Stratmann - … (Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 2000), 1998
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How Sensitive are Seniors to the Price of Prescription Drugs?

J Klick… - FSU College of Law, Law and Economics …, 2005 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: This study estimates the demand curve for prescription drugs among elderly
Medicare beneficiaries. In contrast to previous work, the current analysis uses a measure of
price rather than insurance status as the key explanatory variable to test for seniors' ...
Cited by 3 - Related articles - All 2 versions

[PDF] Determinants of traffi c citations: Political economy at any speed

[PDF] from gmu.edu
M Makowsky… - The Amercian Economic Review, 2009 - mason.gmu.edu
Many anecdotes and jokes surround the imposition of speeding tickets. Some observers
suggest that sex and race help explain fines. Others claim that out-of-towners pay a premium
and that local government uses traffic fines as substitutes for collecting tax revenues. To ...
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[CITATION] Forthcoming.“More Tickets, Fewer Accidents: How Cash-Strapped Towns Make for Safer Roads.”

M Makowsky… - Journal of Law and Economics
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[CITATION] forthcoming.“Determinants of Traffic Citations: Political Economy at Any Speed.”

M Makowsky… - American Economic Review
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More Tickets, Fewer Accidents: How Cash-Strapped Towns Make for Safer Roads

[PDF] from uni-muenchen.de
M Makowsky… - 2010 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: Traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of injury and death in the US The
role of traffic law enforcement in the reduction of accidents has been studied by relatively
few papers and with mixed results that may be due to a simultaneity problem. Traffic law ...
Cited by 2 - Related articles - All 11 versions

Campaign finance reform and electoral competition: Comment

[PDF] from gmu.edu
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T Stratmann… - Public Choice, 2007 - Springer
Abstract Campaign finance regulation is an important issue for democracies. Proponents of
stricter contribution limits believe it will improve competitiveness. Opponents argue that
contribution caps are just a mask for incumbency protection. This paper comments on ...
Cited by 2 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 9 versions

[CITATION] A Diagmatric Representation of Inequality

T Stratmann - Public Finance Quarterly, 1990
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Turned on or turned out? Campaign advertising, information and voting

D Houser, R Morton… - European Journal of Political Economy, 2011 - Elsevier
We present results from laboratory experimental elections in which voter information is
endogenously provided by candidates and voting is voluntary. We also compare
advertisements that are costless to voters with those that reduce voter payoffs. We find that ...
Cited by 3 - Related articles - Get it from MIT Libraries

[CITATION] The Effects of Democratic Participation

D Mueller… - 2002 - Working Paper, University of Vienna
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[CITATION] The Effects of Logrolling on Congressional Voting, 82AM

Full text - MIT Libraries
T Stratmann - ECON. REV, 1992
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[CITATION] How Reelection Constituencies Matter

T Stratmann - University of Chicago-George G. Stigler …, 1994 - econpapers.repec.org
... EconPapers has moved to http://EconPapers.repec.org! Please update your bookmarks.
How Reelection Constituencies Matter. Thomas Stratmann (). ...
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[PDF] Medmal Reform and Physicians in High Risk Specialties

[PDF] from 67.208.89.102
J Klick… - Daniel P. Kessler, William M. Sage, and David …, 2006 - 67.208.89.102
Abstract: If medical malpractice reform affects the supply of physicians, the effects will be
concentrated in specialties facing high liability exposure. Many doctors are likely indifferent
regarding reform, as their likelihood of being sued is low. This difference can be exploited ...
Cited by 1 - Related articles - View as HTML - All 4 versions

Long-run effects of fetal influenza exposure: Evidence from Switzerland

S Neelsen… - Social Science & Medicine, 2011 - Elsevier
In this paper we estimate long-run effects of fetal exposure to the 1918/19 influenza
pandemic for a European country. Using data from the 1970 Swiss census, we find that the
male 1919 cohort that had a strongly increased likelihood of fetal exposure to the ...
Cited by 1 - Related articles - All 3 versions

How Close Is Fundraising in Contested Elections in States with Low Contribution Limits?

[PDF] from brennancenter.org
T Stratmann - 2009 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: This paper investigates the impact of contribution limits in campaign finance
systems on the competitiveness of elections. Theoretically, contribution limits can have
different and potentially opposite effects in an election: one effect could be that limits ...
Cited by 1 - Related articles - All 3 versions

Do Spa Visits Improve Health: Evidence From German Micro Data

[PDF] from upenn.edu
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J Klick… - Eastern Economic Journal, 2008 - palgrave-journals.com
Abstract The health benefits of spas have been hypothesized for centuries. If this hypothesis
is correct, spa therapy offers a low cost alternative to more expensive and potentially more
invasive medical treatments for ailments such as back pain and arthritis. We use individual ...
Cited by 1 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 17 versions

[PDF] The Cost to the Nation of Underinvestment in Educational R&D

[PDF] from newamerica.net
T Stratmann - … Policy Program, Spectrum Series Working Paper, 2005 - newamerica.net
Executive Summary Over the past thirty years, by many measures, US student educational
performance has not improved. Some measures of educational achievement have actually
decreased. This development is coupled with a dramatic decline in the productivity of ...
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Turned Off or Turned Out? Campaign Advertising, Information, and Voting

[PDF] from ryerson.ca
D Houser, R Morton… - 2008 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: We present results from laboratory experimental elections in which voter
information is endogenously provided by candidates and voting is voluntary. We also
compare advertisements that are costless to voters with those that reduce voter payoffs. ...
Cited by 1 - Related articles - All 23 versions

The Effects of Earmarks on the Likelihood of Reelection

[PDF] from americansforprosperity.org
T Stratmann - Unpublished manuscript, 2010 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: Both academic and popular sources claim that incumbent legislators use
government spending-“pork barrel” spending-to win over voters. To date, however, evidence
for this hypothesis is scarce. Using recently available data on the sponsorship of earmarks ...
Cited by 1 - Related articles - All 9 versions

[CITATION] Behavior of congressmen and political action committees: detection of causal effects of money on votes and of strategies of contributors

T Stratmann - 1990 - en.scientificcommons.org
Publikationsansicht. 4549306. Behavior of congressmen and political action committees
:--detection of causal effects of money on votes and of strategies of contributors /--by Thomas
Stratmann. (1990). Stratmann, Thomas. Abstract. Thesis (Ph. ...
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[CITATION] Do black mayors improve black employment outcomes

JVC Nye, I Rainer… - 2010 - SSRN working paper
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The Effect of Abortion Liberalization on Sexual Behavior: International Evidence

[PDF] from cesifo-group.de
J Klick, S Neelsen… - Ifo Working Paper Series, 2009 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: Most industrialized countries have increased access to abortion over the past 30
years. Economic theory predicts that abortion laws affect sexual behavior since they change
the marginal cost of having risky sex. We use gonorrhea incidence as a metric of risky ...
Cited by 1 - Related articles - All 11 versions

[CITATION] The Effectiveness of Money in Politics: Ballot Measures, Candidate Elections and Roll Call Votes

T Stratmann - 2004 - Working paper, George Mason …
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The Effect of Abortion Legalization on the Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

T Stratmann… - 2002 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: The risk of an unwanted pregnancy represents one of the major costs of sexual
activity. When abortion was legalized in a number of states during the late 1960s and early
1970s (and nationally with the 1973 Supreme Court case of Roe v. Wade), this cost was ...
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[PDF] Does deceptive advertising reduce turnout? Theory and laboratory evidence

[PDF] from ovgu.de
D Houser, S Ludwig… - 2009 - socialpolitik.ovgu.de
Abstract We consider two-candidate elections in which voters are uncertain about
candidates' qualities and candidates can inform voters of their quality by sending
advertisements. We compare campaigns where advertising must be true to campaigns ...
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Does Shareholder Proxy Access Damage Share Value In Publicly Traded Companies?

JW Verret… - 2011 - works.bepress.com
Abstract The field of corporate governance has long considered the costs of the separation
of ownership from control in publicly traded corporations and the regulatory and market
structures designed to limit those costs. The debate over the efficiency of regulations ...

Does deceptive advertising reduce political participation? Theory and evidence

[PDF] from webmeets.com
D Houser, S Ludwig… - 2009 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: We examine the effect of deceptive advertising on voting decisions in elections. We
model two-candidate elections in which 1) voters are uncertain about candidates' attributes;
and 2) candidates can inform voters of their attributes by sending advertisements. We ...
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[PDF] CiviC PartiCiPation and Government SPendinG

[PDF] from mercatus.org
T Stratmann… - 2010 - ppe.mercatus.org
Abstract One rationale for government spending is the provision of public goods and
services, mitigating externalities, and correcting other market failures. But government
spending is often driven by other factors, such as interest group pressure, voters' desires ...
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Rules Matter: Short Selling, Stock Lending, and Settlement Failure

T Stratmann… - 2010 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: Until recently, federal regulations exempted options market makers that engage in
bona fide market making from short sale delivery and settlement requirements. In this paper
we examine the consequences of this exception for trading behavior. Specifically, we test ...
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Early-Life Famine Exposure and Later-Life Outcomes: Evidence from Survivors of the Greek Famine

S Neelsen… - 2012 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: This chapter examines education and labor market outcomes for cohorts with early-
life exposure to the Greek 1941-42 famine. Given the short duration of the famine, we can
separately identify effects for cohorts exposed as fetuses, infants and one-year-olds. Our ...
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Politics, Unemployment, and the Enforcement of Immigration Law

[PDF] from towson.edu
M Makowsky… - 2012 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: Immigration control-related audits and their resulting sanctions are not solely
determined by impartial enforcement of laws and regulations. They are also determined by
the incentives faced by vote-maximizing congressmen, agents acting on their behalf, and ...

Royal Economic Society

KJ Mitchener, M Weidenmier, JG Montalvo… - The Economic …, 2008 - res.org.uk
We employ a new database of over 21,000 bilateral trade observations from 1870–1913 to
assess the contemporaneous effects of empire on trade. Our analysis shows that belonging
to an empire roughly doubled trade relative to those countries that were not part of an ...
Cached - Get it from MIT Libraries - All 2 versions

Royal Economic Society

F Policy, B Akitoby… - The Economic Journal, 2008 - res.org.uk
We examine the effect of fiscal policy on sovereign risk spreads and investigate whether the
interaction of fiscal variables with political institutions affect financial markets. Using panel
data from emerging market countries, we find that revenue-based adjustment lowers ...
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[CITATION] The Options Market Maker Exception to SEC Regulation SHO

T Stratmann… - 2012

[CITATION] Mandatory and affordable health insurance: commentary

T Stratmann - Regional Economic Development, 2007 - econpapers.repec.org
... EconPapers has moved to http://EconPapers.repec.org! Please update your bookmarks.
Mandatory and affordable health insurance: commentary. Thomas Stratmann (). Regional
Economic Development, 2007, issue Oct, pages 29-31. ...
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[PDF] Reduction of Employment Protection in OECD Countries: Its Driving Forces

[PDF] from ifo.de
W Ochel, O Röhn, A Rohwer… - CESifo DICE Report, 2008 - ifo.de
In a globalised world structural change is essential if countries want to preserve their
competitive edge and reduce their unemployment. A major obstacle to structural change is
employment protection. According to the OECD, the summary indicator of the strictness of ...
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[PDF] The Effect of Abortion Liberalization on Sexual Behavior: International Evidence

[PDF] from escholarship.org
T Stratmann - 2009 - escholarship.org
ABSTRACT Most industrialized countries have increased access to abortion over the past
30 years. Economic theory predicts that abortion laws affect sexual behavior since they
change the marginal cost of having risky sex. We use gonorrhea incidence as a metric of ...
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Fiscal Policy, Government institutions, and sovereiGn creditworthiness

[PDF] from mercatus.org
B Akitoby… - Sovereign Debt, 2010 - Wiley Online Library
Given the importance of sovereign debt, successful national governance de-pends on the
proper management of this source of finance. The ability to repay a sovereign's obligation
depends on the fiscal management of the state, and part of that successful management is ...
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Long-Run Effects of Prenatal Influenza-Exposure: Evidence from Switzerland

S Neelsen… - GMU Working Paper in Economics No. …, 2011 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: In this paper we estimate the long-run effects of prenatal exposure to the 1918/19
influenza wave for a European country. Using data from the 1970 Swiss census and
comparing cohort outcomes, we find that the male Swiss-born cohort with in utero ...
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Campaign Contributions and Campaign Finance

T Stratmann - The Encyclopedia of Public Choice, 2003 - Springer
As a great deal of work has been done in the area of campaign finance, I have chosen to
focus on four areas in this essay. They are 1) the effect of contributions on congressional
votes, 2) inferences from contribution patterns about the structure of the US Congress or ...
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Subnational Health Spending and Soft Budget Constraints in OECD Countries

[PDF] from psu.edu
T Stratmann, E Crivelli… - 2010 - papers.ssrn.com
Abstract: Government spending on health has grown as a percent of GDP over the last 40
years in industrialized countries. Widespread decentralization of healthcare systems has
often accompanied this increase in spending. In this paper, we explore the effect of soft ...
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[CITATION] Erratum to “Effects of prenatal and early life malnutrition: Evidence from the Greek famine”[J. Health Econ. 30 (2011) 479–488]

Full text - MIT Libraries
S Neelsen… - Journal of Health Economics, 2011 - Elsevier

[PDF] Wireless Taxes and Fees: A Tragedy of the Anticommons

[PDF] from mercatus.org
M Mitchell… - 2012 - ppe.mercatus.org
According to standard microeconomic theory, taxes involve both direct and indirect costs.
Consumers bear direct costs in the form of higher after-tax prices while producers bear direct
costs in the form of lower pretax prices. Both consumers and producers bear indirect costs ...
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Political Economy at Any Speed: Determinants of Traffic Citations

T Stratmann… - American Law & Economics …, 2008 - law.bepress.com
Can speeding tickets be solely explained with the driver's speed, or do they serve as a
supplement for local revenue and reflect officer preferences? It is not uncommon for drivers,
especially those from out of town, to question the motivations of police officers and what ...
All 3 versions

[PDF] Third Norwegian-German Seminar on Public Economics

[PDF] from ifo.de
T Stratmann - 2003 - ifo.de
Abstract Campaign expenditures are not effective in increasing candidates' vote shares if
voters do not respond to the advertisement when they believe that campaign expenditures
are financed with “tainted money.” In this situation, limiting contributions may reduce the ...
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--Does Shareholder Proxy Access Damage Share Value in Publicly Traded Companies?

T Stratmann… - works.bepress.com
Abstract: The field of corporate governance has long considered the costs of the separation
of ownership from control in publicly traded corporations and the regulatory and market
structures designed to limit those costs. The debate over the efficiency of regulations ...

[CITATION] Acknowledgements Acknowledgements (p. iii)

EL Glaeser, B Sacerdote, AD Tabbach… - The Journal of Legal …, 2003 - JSTOR
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