American Economics Association
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Primary JEL Classification Menu

A General Economics and Teaching

B History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches

C Mathematical and Quantitative Methods

D Microeconomics

E Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics

F International Economics

G Financial Economics

H Public Economics

I Health, Education, and Welfare

J Labor and Demographic Economics

K Law and Economics

L Industrial Organization

M Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting

N Economic History

O Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth

P Economic Systems

Q Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics

R Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics

Y Miscellaneous Categories

Z Other Special Topics

JEL Classification Codes Guide


The information on these pages is to provide helpful reference information and guidelines about the JEL Classification Codes.

Choose a Primary JEL Classification Code from the list on the right. You can drill down to the more detailed secondary level of classifications by clicking on the JEL code links (for example, A3, H7); these contain more descriptive guidelines, keywords, and also examples of items with that specific classification.

GFinancial Economics
Guideline:Covers studies about issues related to various sub-fields in financial economics: general financial markets (both domestic and international) dealing with securities (stocks, bonds, and commodity and other futures); financial institutions and services; and corporate finance and governance. Studies should be cross-classified under the appropriate microeconomic categories if they are based on microeconomic models. Financial economic studies in the context of economic development should be cross-classified here and under O16; those studies related to socialist and transitional economies should be cross-classified here and under P34; and those studies related to other economic systems should be cross-classified here and under P43.
Keywords: Finance, Financial Crisis, Globalisation, Globalization, Intermediation, Microfinance
 
G00 General
G000 Financial Economics: General
Guideline:Covers studies about general issues covered in financial economics, including textbooks, survey articles, and data. Studies about financial intermediation in general are also classified here.
 
G1 General Financial Markets
Guideline: Not Specified
Keywords: Arbitrage, Bond Market, Commodity Markets, Financial Contagion, Financial Market, Hedging, Securities, Security Markets, Share Market, Stock Market
 
G2 Financial Institutions and Services
Guideline: Not Specified
Keywords: Financial Institution, Financial Market, Financial Service
 
G3 Corporate Finance and Governance
Guideline: Covers studies about issues related to corporate finance and governance (including unincorporated firms).
Keywords: Company Finance, Corporate Finance, Corporate Governance, Corporate Investment, Financial Statistics, Firm, Firm Level