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Journal of Economic Perspectives: Vol. 21 No. 3 (Summer 2007)
JEP Volume. 21, Issue 3 | 
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Transportation Costs and International Trade in the Second Era of Globalization
Article Citation
Hummels, David. 2007. "Transportation Costs and International Trade in the Second Era of Globalization."
Journal of Economic Perspectives,
21(3): 131-154.
DOI: 10.1257/jep.21.3.131
DOI: 10.1257/jep.21.3.131
Abstract
While the precise causes of postwar trade growth are not well understood, declines in transport costs top the lists of usual suspects. However, there is remarkably little systematic evidence documenting the decline. This paper brings to bear an eclectic mix of data in order to provide a detailed accounting of the time-series pattern of shipping costs. The ad-valorem impact of ocean shipping costs is not much lower today than in the 1950s, with technological advances largely trumped by adverse cost shocks. In contrast, air shipping costs have dropped an order of magnitude, and airborne trade has grown rapidly as a result. As a result, international trade has also experienced a significant rise in speed.
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Authors
Hummels, David
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