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American Economic Review: Vol. 94 No. 4 (September 2004)
AER Volume. 94, Issue 4 | 
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Rational Overoptimism (and Other Biases)
Article Citation
Van den Steen, Eric. 2004. "Rational Overoptimism (and Other Biases)."
The American Economic Review,
94(4): 1141-1151.
DOI: 10.1257/0002828042002697
DOI: 10.1257/0002828042002697
Abstract
Rational agents with differing priors tend to be overoptimistic about their chances of success. In particular, an agent who tries to choose the action that is most likely to succeed, is more likely to choose an action of which he overestimated, rather than underestimated, the likelihood of success. After studying the comparative statics of this mechanism, I show that it also causes agents to attribute failure to exogenous factors but success to their own choice of action, to disproportionately believe that they will outperform others, to overestimate the precision of their estimates, and to overestimate their control over the outcome.
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Van den Steen, Eric
